Neurosecurity
Neurosecurity is the sub-discipline concerned with protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (the classic security triad) of neural devices and the data they carry. The term was introduced around 2009 (Denning, Matsuoka, Kohno) by analogy to the earlier discovery that implantable cardiac devices could be wirelessly attacked, and it frames a BCI not only as a medical device but as a networked computer with an exploitable attack surface.
What sets it apart from ordinary device security is the stakes and the asymmetry. A compromised recording implant can leak the most intimate signal a person produces, while a compromised stimulating implant can, in principle, alter perception, motor output, mood, or memory. Integrity and availability therefore carry direct physical-safety consequences that pure information security does not, and a view focused only on privacy is incomplete.
As of the mid-2020s neurosecurity is largely a research and threat-modeling literature rather than a body of deployed defenses; most fielded devices still rely on conventional link encryption and physical inaccessibility.