a satellite
A satellite is anything that orbits a larger body. Our Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth; the thousands of spacecraft humans have launched are artificial satellites. They give us weather pictures, phone and internet links, navigation like GPS, and telescopes that see above the blurring air. Whenever something loops steadily around a planet or star, it is a satellite.
How does a satellite stay up without falling? It does fall, constantly, but it also moves sideways so fast that it keeps missing the ground. Newton imagined firing a cannonball ever faster from a mountaintop: too slow and it lands, but fast enough and its downward fall curves around the whole planet, and it comes back to where it started. A satellite is in exactly this state of perpetual free fall, held by gravity in a curved path, obeying v = sqrt(G M / r) for a circular orbit.
A common myth is that satellites float because they are beyond gravity. Not so: at the height of the space station, gravity is still about 90 percent as strong as on the ground. It is gravity that holds every satellite in orbit. The astronauts and everything inside feel weightless not because gravity is gone, but because they are all falling together, which we will meet again under weightlessness.
The International Space Station orbits about 400 km up, where gravity is still around 8.7 m/s^2, and races along at 7.7 km/s, completing an orbit roughly every 90 minutes. It is a large artificial satellite in constant free fall.
Even in orbit, gravity is nearly as strong as on the ground; the station stays up by moving sideways fast, not by escaping gravity.
Satellites are not beyond gravity; gravity is precisely what keeps them in orbit, and they are in continual free fall around the planet.