Uniform Distribution

The uniform distribution is the “equally likely” distribution: every value in a range has exactly the same chance. A fair die is discrete uniform over 1–6; a number picked at random between 0 and 1 is continuous uniform.

It is the baseline of fairness and the raw material of computer simulation — random number generators produce uniform values that are then transformed into any other distribution. Beware of assuming uniformity by default, though; most real-world quantities (incomes, heights, wait times) are decidedly not uniform.